// cached.go — LRU caching wrapper around a Provider.
//
// Memoizes (effective_model, sha256(text)) → []float32. Repeat
// queries return the stored vector without round-tripping to the
// upstream embedding service. Per-text caching: a batch with
// mixed hit/miss only fetches the misses, then merges the result
// preserving the caller's input order.
//
// Memory budget: ~3 KB per entry at d=768. 10K-entry default ≈ 30 MB
// — small enough for any realistic embedd deployment. Operators
// raising the cap should weigh memory headroom against expected
// hit rate.
//
// Why this exists: 500K staffing test (memory project_golang_lakehouse)
// showed that the staffing co-pilot replays many of the same query
// texts ("forklift driver", "welder Chicago", etc.). Caching them
// drops repeat-query cost from ~50ms (Ollama round-trip) to <1µs
// (LRU hit). Real production win documented in feedback_meta_index_vision.

package embed

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"fmt"
	"sync/atomic"

	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2"
)

// CachedProvider wraps a Provider with an LRU cache keyed on
// (effective_model, sha256(text)). Thread-safe.
type CachedProvider struct {
	inner        Provider
	defaultModel string
	cache        *lru.Cache[string, []float32]
	hits         atomic.Int64
	misses       atomic.Int64
}

// NewCachedProvider wraps inner with an LRU cache of the given size.
//
// defaultModel is used to resolve cache keys when a request leaves
// the model field empty: a request for model="" is treated as
// model=defaultModel for cache-key purposes, so callers that mix
// "" and the explicit model name still hit the same cache entry.
//
// Caller-side panic protection: size <= 0 is treated as "no cache"
// — every Embed call passes through. Avoids forcing operators to
// understand LRU sizing to disable.
func NewCachedProvider(inner Provider, defaultModel string, size int) (*CachedProvider, error) {
	if size <= 0 {
		// Sentinel: nil cache means pass-through. NewCachedProvider
		// stays callable so the wiring layer can always wrap.
		return &CachedProvider{inner: inner, defaultModel: defaultModel}, nil
	}
	cache, err := lru.New[string, []float32](size)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("embed cache init: %w", err)
	}
	return &CachedProvider{
		inner:        inner,
		defaultModel: defaultModel,
		cache:        cache,
	}, nil
}

// Embed returns vectors for texts, memoizing per (model, text). On
// a batch with mixed hits/misses, only the misses round-trip to
// inner; the result preserves caller ordering.
func (c *CachedProvider) Embed(ctx context.Context, texts []string, model string) (Result, error) {
	// Pass-through when caching disabled.
	if c.cache == nil {
		return c.inner.Embed(ctx, texts, model)
	}

	if len(texts) == 0 {
		return Result{}, ErrEmptyTexts
	}

	effectiveModel := model
	if effectiveModel == "" {
		effectiveModel = c.defaultModel
	}

	// Pass 1: cache lookup; collect misses preserving original index
	// so we can write the upstream result back into the right slots.
	out := make([][]float32, len(texts))
	missTexts := make([]string, 0, len(texts))
	missIdx := make([]int, 0, len(texts))
	for i, t := range texts {
		key := cacheKey(effectiveModel, t)
		if v, ok := c.cache.Get(key); ok {
			out[i] = v
			c.hits.Add(1)
			continue
		}
		missTexts = append(missTexts, t)
		missIdx = append(missIdx, i)
		c.misses.Add(1)
	}

	// All hits — synthesize the result without an upstream call.
	// Use the effective model + the first cached vector's length
	// for the response. Every cached vector for the same model has
	// the same dimension by construction (Provider guarantees it).
	if len(missTexts) == 0 {
		dim := 0
		if len(out) > 0 && len(out[0]) > 0 {
			dim = len(out[0])
		}
		return Result{
			Model:     effectiveModel,
			Dimension: dim,
			Vectors:   out,
		}, nil
	}

	// Pass 2: fetch the misses, populate cache, merge.
	res, err := c.inner.Embed(ctx, missTexts, model)
	if err != nil {
		return Result{}, err
	}
	if len(res.Vectors) != len(missTexts) {
		return Result{}, fmt.Errorf("embed cache: provider returned %d vectors for %d miss texts",
			len(res.Vectors), len(missTexts))
	}
	// Cache under effectiveModel (request-derived), NOT res.Model
	// (upstream-derived). Future requests with the same input shape
	// — same explicit model OR the same "" — must hit the same key.
	// Only ours is predictable from the request; upstream's resolution
	// can drift if the upstream's default changes.
	for j, t := range missTexts {
		out[missIdx[j]] = res.Vectors[j]
		c.cache.Add(cacheKey(effectiveModel, t), res.Vectors[j])
	}

	return Result{
		Model:     res.Model,
		Dimension: res.Dimension,
		Vectors:   out,
	}, nil
}

// Stats returns lifetime hit + miss counts for this cache. Atomic
// reads — no locking. Useful for /health, /metrics, or operator
// dashboards.
func (c *CachedProvider) Stats() (hits, misses int64) {
	return c.hits.Load(), c.misses.Load()
}

// HitRate returns the fraction of requests served from cache.
// Returns 0.0 when no requests have been served (avoids NaN).
func (c *CachedProvider) HitRate() float64 {
	h := c.hits.Load()
	m := c.misses.Load()
	total := h + m
	if total == 0 {
		return 0.0
	}
	return float64(h) / float64(total)
}

// Len returns the current entry count in the cache. Returns 0 when
// caching is disabled.
func (c *CachedProvider) Len() int {
	if c.cache == nil {
		return 0
	}
	return c.cache.Len()
}

// cacheKey is "<model>:<sha256(text)>". sha256 collapses long texts
// to a fixed-size key; model prefix scopes cache to one model so
// callers using multiple models don't get cross-contamination.
func cacheKey(model, text string) string {
	h := sha256.Sum256([]byte(text))
	return model + ":" + hex.EncodeToString(h[:])
}