diff --git a/crates/lance-bench/src/main.rs b/crates/lance-bench/src/main.rs
index 7216d37..91af48d 100644
--- a/crates/lance-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/crates/lance-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -456,6 +456,26 @@ async fn build_lance_vector_index(path: &str, _dims: usize) -> Result<()> {
         .await
         .context("create_index")?;
 
+    // Also build the scalar btree on doc_id. This bench's
+    // measure_random_access_lance uses take(row_position) which doesn't
+    // need the btree, but the dataset this bench writes is also queried
+    // downstream by /vectors/lance/doc/<name>/<doc_id> (the production
+    // lookup path) — without this index that path falls back to a full
+    // table scan. Cheap to build (~1.2s on 10M rows) and matches the
+    // gateway's lance_migrate handler behavior so bench-produced datasets
+    // are immediately production-shape.
+    use lance_index::scalar::ScalarIndexParams;
+    dataset
+        .create_index(
+            &["doc_id"],
+            IndexType::Scalar,
+            Some("doc_id_btree".into()),
+            &ScalarIndexParams::default(),
+            true,
+        )
+        .await
+        .context("create_index doc_id btree")?;
+
     Ok(())
 }