security: set SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE + validate IP before nginx deny write
Two hardening fixes from a fresh security pass of the live code: - SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE=True: the session cookie set only HTTPONLY + SAMESITE=Lax, so it could be sent over plaintext HTTP. App is served behind nginx TLS, so no functional downside. - _nginx_ban: validate the IP with ipaddress.ip_address() before interpolating it into the nginx deny file. A malformed value could otherwise inject nginx directives at the last write before reload. Guard sits at the sink, covering all current and future callers. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ if not _flask_secret:
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app.secret_key = _flask_secret
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app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY"] = True
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app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_SAMESITE"] = "Lax"
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app.config["SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE"] = True # served behind nginx TLS; prevents cookie leak over plaintext HTTP
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# ─── SECURITY LOGGING ─────────────────────────────────────────
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# Dedicated security log for fail2ban and audit trail.
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@ -7687,6 +7688,16 @@ def _nginx_ban(ip):
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if is_allowlisted(ip):
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sec_log.info("NGINX_BAN_BLOCKED ip=%s — allowlisted, refused to write deny rule", ip)
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return
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# Defense in depth: validate IP format before interpolating into the
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# nginx conf. A malformed value (e.g. "1.2.3.4;\n}\nserver{...") would
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# otherwise inject directives into the deny file. Last write before
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# reload — last place to stop a bad ban (matches docstring intent).
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import ipaddress
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try:
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ipaddress.ip_address(ip)
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except ValueError:
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sec_log.warning("NGINX_BAN_INVALID_IP ip=%r — refused to write deny rule (possible nginx config injection)", ip)
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return
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import subprocess
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line = f"deny {ip};\n"
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# Each step has its own try/except so we know WHICH step failed.
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